G8V Star System Generated (Seed: 1766155931)

Star Details

Spectral Class: G2V

Temperature: 5,840 K

Mass: 1.06 sol

Luminosity: 1.23 lux

Habitable Zone (HZ)

Inner Boundary: 1.06 AU

Outer Boundary: 1.52 AU

Physical Limits

Snow Line: 5.32 AU

Max System Radius: 20.6 AU

Planetary System (10 Planets)

Planet 1 - Terrestrial

Semi-Major Axis: 0.66 AU

Status: Inner (Hot)

Composition: Rocky (Silicates/Metals)

Physical Data

Mass: 3.71

Radius: 1.69

Gravity: 1.3 G

Time & Orbit

Eccentricity (e): 0.031

Orbit Range: 0.64 AU - 0.68 AU

Year: 190 Days

Day: 46.3 Hours

Environment

Temp: 223 °C

Axial Tilt: 24.9 °

Atmosphere: Dense COâ‚‚

Biome: Volcanic/Barren

Satellites (1)

Outer Limit: 74,267,730 km

  • M1: 48,769 km (0.104 R)

Planet 2 - Terrestrial

Semi-Major Axis: 0.97 AU

Status: Inner (Hot)

Composition: Rocky (Silicates/Metals)

Physical Data

Mass: 3.74

Radius: 1.69

Gravity: 1.31 G

Time & Orbit

Eccentricity (e): 0.245

Orbit Range: 0.73 AU - 1.21 AU

Year: 339 Days

Day: 31.5 Hours

Environment

Temp: 169 °C

Axial Tilt: 35.4 °

Atmosphere: Dense COâ‚‚

Biome: Volcanic/Barren

Satellites (2)

Outer Limit: 74,267,730 km

  • M1: 108,309 km (0.064 R)
  • M2: 231,727 km (0.117 R)

Planet 3 - Terrestrial

Semi-Major Axis: 1.45 AU

Status: HZ

Composition: Rocky (Silicates/Metals)

Physical Data

Mass: 1.85

Radius: 1.28

Gravity: 1.13 G

Time & Orbit

Eccentricity (e): 0.076

Orbit Range: 1.34 AU - 1.56 AU

Year: 619 Days

Day: 21.6 Hours

Environment

Temp: -0 °C

Axial Tilt: 11.7 °

Atmosphere: Nâ‚‚, Oâ‚‚

Biome: Oceanic/Continental

Satellites (1)

Outer Limit: 74,267,730 km

  • M1: 65,823 km (0.087 R)

Planet 4 - Terrestrial

Semi-Major Axis: 1.56 AU

Status: Outer (Cold)

Composition: Rocky (Silicates/Metals)

Physical Data

Mass: 1.69

Radius: 1.23

Gravity: 1.12 G

Time & Orbit

Eccentricity (e): 0.121

Orbit Range: 1.37 AU - 1.75 AU

Year: 691 Days

Day: 15.3 Hours

Environment

Temp: -19 °C

Axial Tilt: 36.9 °

Atmosphere: Thin Nâ‚‚/CHâ‚„

Biome: Ice Cap/Desert

Planet 5 - Terrestrial

Semi-Major Axis: 2.45 AU

Status: Outer (Cold)

Composition: Rocky (Silicates/Metals)

Physical Data

Mass: 1.99

Radius: 1.32

Gravity: 1.14 G

Time & Orbit

Eccentricity (e): 0.006

Orbit Range: 2.44 AU - 2.46 AU

Year: 1360 Days

Day: 29.6 Hours

Environment

Temp: -70 °C

Axial Tilt: 23.2 °

Atmosphere: Thin Nâ‚‚/CHâ‚„

Biome: Ice Cap/Desert

Planet 6 - Terrestrial

Semi-Major Axis: 3.7 AU

Status: Outer (Cold)

Composition: Rocky (Silicates/Metals)

Physical Data

Mass: 0.14

Radius: 0.46

Gravity: 0.66 G

Time & Orbit

Eccentricity (e): 0.046

Orbit Range: 3.53 AU - 3.87 AU

Year: 2525 Days

Day: 19.8 Hours

Environment

Temp: -114 °C

Axial Tilt: 1.5 °

Atmosphere: Thin Nâ‚‚/CHâ‚„

Biome: Ice Cap/Desert

Planet 7 - Gas Giant

Semi-Major Axis: 6.13 AU

Status: Outer (Cold)

Composition: Hydrogen/Helium Atmosphere

Physical Data

Mass: 454.3

Radius: 8.7

Gravity: 6 G

Time & Orbit

Eccentricity (e): 0.15

Orbit Range: 5.21 AU - 7.05 AU

Year: 5384 Days

Day: 8.4 Hours

Environment

Temp: -136 °C

Axial Tilt: 35.2 °

Atmosphere: Hâ‚‚, CHâ‚„

Biome: None

Satellites (80)

Outer Limit: 74,267,730 km

  • M1: 110,702 km (0.09 R)
  • M2: 230,381 km (0.105 R)
  • M3: 345,421 km (0.119 R)
  • M4: 493,075 km (0.096 R)
  • M5: 1,086,230 km (0.075 R)
  • M6: 1,282,503 km (0.12 R)
  • M7: 1,370,167 km (0.103 R)
  • M8: 1,645,577 km (0.117 R)
  • M9: 1,773,632 km (0.078 R)
  • M10: 2,039,767 km (0.101 R)
  • M11: 2,125,636 km (0.102 R)
  • M12: 2,212,702 km (0.106 R)
  • M13: 2,517,732 km (0.116 R)
  • M14: 2,913,119 km (0.094 R)
  • M15: 3,128,091 km (0.08 R)
  • M16: 3,409,186 km (0.076 R)
  • M17: 3,888,797 km (0.065 R)
  • M18: 4,082,227 km (0.084 R)
  • M19: 4,345,220 km (0.085 R)
  • M20: 4,568,569 km (0.095 R)
  • M21: 4,704,404 km (0.081 R)
  • M22: 4,980,113 km (0.114 R)
  • M23: 5,073,163 km (0.088 R)
  • M24: 5,166,961 km (0.111 R)
  • M25: 5,547,388 km (0.045 R)
  • M26: 6,285,205 km (0.07 R)
  • M27: 6,436,448 km (0.117 R)
  • M28: 6,512,444 km (0.08 R)
  • M29: 6,588,889 km (0.077 R)
  • M30: 6,871,629 km (0.09 R)
  • M31: 7,448,777 km (0.116 R)
  • M32: 7,662,702 km (0.1 R)
  • M33: 7,770,263 km (0.105 R)
  • M34: 8,096,386 km (0.072 R)
  • M35: 8,399,172 km (0.095 R)
  • M36: 8,537,999 km (0.11 R)
  • M37: 8,705,698 km (0.06 R)
  • M38: 8,846,171 km (0.091 R)
  • M39: 8,959,267 km (0.031 R)
  • M40: 9,129,659 km (0.119 R)
  • M41: 9,186,656 km (0.114 R)
  • M42: 9,763,505 km (0.102 R)
  • M43: 9,997,626 km (0.115 R)
  • M44: 10,056,418 km (0.041 R)
  • M45: 10,771,047 km (0.092 R)
  • M46: 11,165,087 km (0.111 R)
  • M47: 11,379,162 km (0.112 R)
  • M48: 11,532,949 km (0.046 R)
  • M49: 11,873,583 km (0.106 R)
  • M50: 12,312,054 km (0.11 R)
  • M51: 12,660,318 km (0.114 R)
  • M52: 13,301,794 km (0.119 R)
  • M53: 13,398,883 km (0.116 R)
  • M54: 13,888,068 km (0.094 R)
  • M55: 13,953,741 km (0.084 R)
  • M56: 14,850,431 km (0.089 R)
  • M57: 15,085,898 km (0.11 R)
  • M58: 15,560,722 km (0.105 R)
  • M59: 16,005,925 km (0.026 R)
  • M60: 16,524,880 km (0.056 R)
  • M61: 16,734,018 km (0.057 R)
  • M62: 16,908,898 km (0.103 R)
  • M63: 17,472,882 km (0.11 R)
  • M64: 17,650,305 km (0.086 R)
  • M65: 18,330,227 km (0.096 R)
  • M66: 19,311,140 km (0.115 R)
  • M67: 19,678,852 km (0.115 R)
  • M68: 19,789,554 km (0.054 R)
  • M69: 20,085,908 km (0.032 R)
  • M70: 20,533,056 km (0.109 R)
  • M71: 20,795,600 km (0.096 R)
  • M72: 21,059,042 km (0.114 R)
  • M73: 21,665,512 km (0.086 R)
  • M74: 22,124,179 km (0.075 R)
  • M75: 22,702,075 km (0.098 R)
  • M76: 22,895,805 km (0.087 R)
  • M77: 23,051,087 km (0.115 R)
  • M78: 23,833,185 km (0.101 R)
  • M79: 24,267,168 km (0.084 R)
  • M80: 25,062,730 km (0.065 R)

Planet 8 - Gas Giant

Semi-Major Axis: 7.66 AU

Status: Outer (Cold)

Composition: Hydrogen/Helium Atmosphere

Physical Data

Mass: 663.8

Radius: 12.5

Gravity: 4.25 G

Time & Orbit

Eccentricity (e): 0.157

Orbit Range: 6.46 AU - 8.86 AU

Year: 7521 Days

Day: 11.9 Hours

Environment

Temp: -154 °C

Axial Tilt: 36.7 °

Atmosphere: Hâ‚‚, CHâ‚„

Biome: None

Satellites (84)

Outer Limit: 74,267,730 km

  • M1: 173,683 km (0.11 R)
  • M2: 328,816 km (0.11 R)
  • M3: 468,092 km (0.097 R)
  • M4: 894,595 km (0.065 R)
  • M5: 1,056,161 km (0.09 R)
  • M6: 1,192,893 km (0.072 R)
  • M7: 1,281,605 km (0.114 R)
  • M8: 1,659,340 km (0.11 R)
  • M9: 1,840,951 km (0.069 R)
  • M10: 2,029,295 km (0.112 R)
  • M11: 2,448,169 km (0.109 R)
  • M12: 2,726,720 km (0.053 R)
  • M13: 2,942,740 km (0.104 R)
  • M14: 3,089,794 km (0.039 R)
  • M15: 3,214,260 km (0.036 R)
  • M16: 4,951,989 km (0.113 R)
  • M17: 5,216,478 km (0.097 R)
  • M18: 5,667,815 km (0.114 R)
  • M19: 6,037,920 km (0.076 R)
  • M20: 6,769,453 km (0.092 R)
  • M21: 7,562,621 km (0.047 R)
  • M22: 8,038,941 km (0.065 R)
  • M23: 8,280,691 km (0.104 R)
  • M24: 9,200,119 km (0.109 R)
  • M25: 9,344,332 km (0.071 R)
  • M26: 9,525,944 km (0.051 R)
  • M27: 10,488,456 km (0.07 R)
  • M28: 10,866,939 km (0.115 R)
  • M29: 11,754,353 km (0.04 R)
  • M30: 12,108,003 km (0.087 R)
  • M31: 12,545,128 km (0.066 R)
  • M32: 12,625,013 km (0.118 R)
  • M33: 13,598,596 km (0.078 R)
  • M34: 13,845,732 km (0.111 R)
  • M35: 14,011,337 km (0.087 R)
  • M36: 14,135,952 km (0.099 R)
  • M37: 14,344,491 km (0.103 R)
  • M38: 14,933,907 km (0.111 R)
  • M39: 15,103,850 km (0.086 R)
  • M40: 15,402,597 km (0.093 R)
  • M41: 15,488,466 km (0.117 R)
  • M42: 16,006,224 km (0.106 R)
  • M43: 16,310,805 km (0.084 R)
  • M44: 17,638,337 km (0.12 R)
  • M45: 18,178,984 km (0.096 R)
  • M46: 18,269,640 km (0.099 R)
  • M47: 18,496,879 km (0.108 R)
  • M48: 19,647,287 km (0.113 R)
  • M49: 20,114,032 km (0.043 R)
  • M50: 20,395,725 km (0.101 R)
  • M51: 20,537,095 km (0.085 R)
  • M52: 20,726,187 km (0.109 R)
  • M53: 20,963,299 km (0.071 R)
  • M54: 21,248,882 km (0.073 R)
  • M55: 21,679,873 km (0.099 R)
  • M56: 21,920,576 km (0.116 R)
  • M57: 22,404,525 km (0.11 R)
  • M58: 23,088,187 km (0.032 R)
  • M59: 24,927,493 km (0.067 R)
  • M60: 25,331,407 km (0.104 R)
  • M61: 25,432,685 km (0.076 R)
  • M62: 26,504,704 km (0.12 R)
  • M63: 26,916,846 km (0.077 R)
  • M64: 27,175,650 km (0.067 R)
  • M65: 27,279,321 km (0.06 R)
  • M66: 27,487,262 km (0.088 R)
  • M67: 28,271,305 km (0.072 R)
  • M68: 29,487,835 km (0.113 R)
  • M69: 30,022,198 km (0.038 R)
  • M70: 30,451,843 km (0.093 R)
  • M71: 31,426,324 km (0.09 R)
  • M72: 31,644,138 km (0.116 R)
  • M73: 31,917,304 km (0.105 R)
  • M74: 34,018,406 km (0.103 R)
  • M75: 34,916,293 km (0.044 R)
  • M76: 35,538,171 km (0.113 R)
  • M77: 36,506,518 km (0.046 R)
  • M78: 36,735,702 km (0.118 R)
  • M79: 36,907,739 km (0.085 R)
  • M80: 37,599,031 km (0.072 R)
  • M81: 38,236,468 km (0.087 R)
  • M82: 38,352,705 km (0.099 R)
  • M83: 38,469,092 km (0.109 R)
  • M84: 38,935,838 km (0.096 R)

Planet 9 - Ice Giant

Semi-Major Axis: 16.6 AU

Status: Outer (Cold)

Composition: Methane/Ammonia Ices

Physical Data

Mass: 906.6

Radius: 3.6

Gravity: 69.95 G

Time & Orbit

Eccentricity (e): 0.126

Orbit Range: 14.51 AU - 18.69 AU

Year: 23994 Days

Day: 20 Hours

Environment

Temp: -186 °C

Axial Tilt: 14.1 °

Atmosphere: Hâ‚‚, CHâ‚„

Biome: None

Satellites (92)

Outer Limit: 74,267,730 km

  • M1: 217,964 km (0.049 R)
  • M2: 635,791 km (0.095 R)
  • M3: 885,470 km (0.107 R)
  • M4: 1,327,681 km (0.073 R)
  • M5: 1,500,167 km (0.103 R)
  • M6: 2,020,020 km (0.099 R)
  • M7: 2,805,259 km (0.105 R)
  • M8: 3,298,334 km (0.119 R)
  • M9: 3,390,785 km (0.096 R)
  • M10: 3,437,460 km (0.064 R)
  • M11: 3,914,827 km (0.087 R)
  • M12: 4,062,181 km (0.075 R)
  • M13: 4,566,026 km (0.048 R)
  • M14: 4,617,488 km (0.097 R)
  • M15: 4,877,788 km (0.112 R)
  • M16: 5,521,657 km (0.031 R)
  • M17: 6,078,461 km (0.116 R)
  • M18: 6,249,002 km (0.103 R)
  • M19: 6,711,260 km (0.049 R)
  • M20: 8,413,983 km (0.1 R)
  • M21: 8,859,336 km (0.057 R)
  • M22: 9,508,889 km (0.045 R)
  • M23: 9,640,685 km (0.058 R)
  • M24: 10,039,513 km (0.096 R)
  • M25: 10,991,105 km (0.085 R)
  • M26: 11,829,302 km (0.082 R)
  • M27: 13,714,684 km (0.072 R)
  • M28: 14,012,982 km (0.059 R)
  • M29: 14,844,148 km (0.118 R)
  • M30: 15,304,161 km (0.06 R)
  • M31: 15,691,021 km (0.102 R)
  • M32: 16,791,613 km (0.076 R)
  • M33: 17,835,657 km (0.093 R)
  • M34: 18,161,032 km (0.061 R)
  • M35: 19,901,454 km (0.078 R)
  • M36: 19,985,677 km (0.057 R)
  • M37: 20,748,776 km (0.07 R)
  • M38: 20,919,617 km (0.04 R)
  • M39: 21,521,299 km (0.12 R)
  • M40: 21,607,767 km (0.113 R)
  • M41: 22,741,719 km (0.084 R)
  • M42: 23,984,428 km (0.046 R)
  • M43: 32,877,722 km (0.119 R)
  • M44: 36,215,101 km (0.03 R)
  • M45: 36,626,944 km (0.109 R)
  • M46: 37,143,805 km (0.081 R)
  • M47: 37,247,476 km (0.103 R)
  • M48: 38,604,030 km (0.092 R)
  • M49: 40,615,672 km (0.098 R)
  • M50: 41,043,373 km (0.096 R)
  • M51: 41,257,896 km (0.078 R)
  • M52: 42,552,516 km (0.079 R)
  • M53: 44,409,175 km (0.12 R)
  • M54: 46,739,012 km (0.109 R)
  • M55: 47,299,556 km (0.094 R)
  • M56: 47,862,343 km (0.108 R)
  • M57: 48,088,086 km (0.087 R)
  • M58: 48,880,955 km (0.063 R)
  • M59: 49,335,882 km (0.09 R)
  • M60: 49,678,162 km (0.06 R)
  • M61: 50,250,074 km (0.12 R)
  • M62: 53,026,012 km (0.113 R)
  • M63: 53,259,684 km (0.077 R)
  • M64: 55,614,056 km (0.115 R)
  • M65: 56,207,959 km (0.086 R)
  • M66: 57,761,982 km (0.115 R)
  • M67: 58,122,513 km (0.094 R)
  • M68: 59,693,739 km (0.076 R)
  • M69: 61,034,136 km (0.09 R)
  • M70: 63,620,534 km (0.026 R)
  • M71: 64,989,504 km (0.117 R)
  • M72: 68,644,928 km (0.082 R)
  • M73: 69,537,129 km (0.099 R)
  • M74: 71,204,398 km (0.069 R)
  • M75: 71,590,959 km (0.099 R)
  • M76: 72,625,428 km (0.08 R)
  • M77: 72,755,129 km (0.078 R)
  • M78: 73,664,684 km (0.11 R)
  • M79: 74,709,027 km (0.106 R)
  • M80: 75,101,871 km (0.061 R)
  • M81: 76,416,388 km (0.079 R)
  • M82: 78,003,621 km (0.091 R)
  • M83: 78,535,292 km (0.06 R)
  • M84: 81,749,552 km (0.064 R)
  • M85: 81,884,489 km (0.105 R)
  • M86: 83,508,673 km (0.113 R)
  • M87: 83,644,358 km (0.114 R)
  • M88: 87,339,426 km (0.076 R)
  • M89: 89,971,301 km (0.102 R)
  • M90: 90,528,703 km (0.063 R)
  • M91: 92,488,584 km (0.115 R)
  • M92: 93,473,686 km (0.09 R)

Planet 10 - Ice Giant

Semi-Major Axis: 18.43 AU

Status: Outer (Cold)

Composition: Methane/Ammonia Ices

Physical Data

Mass: 323.4

Radius: 3.4

Gravity: 27.98 G

Time & Orbit

Eccentricity (e): 0.142

Orbit Range: 15.81 AU - 21.05 AU

Year: 28069 Days

Day: 20.2 Hours

Environment

Temp: -187 °C

Axial Tilt: 38.2 °

Atmosphere: Hâ‚‚, CHâ‚„

Biome: None

Satellites (98)

Outer Limit: 74,267,730 km

  • M1: 318,195 km (0.07 R)
  • M2: 428,000 km (0.067 R)
  • M3: 487,240 km (0.099 R)
  • M4: 636,090 km (0.095 R)
  • M5: 822,788 km (0.082 R)
  • M6: 999,763 km (0.066 R)
  • M7: 1,052,421 km (0.102 R)
  • M8: 1,358,498 km (0.106 R)
  • M9: 1,566,888 km (0.062 R)
  • M10: 1,628,223 km (0.11 R)
  • M11: 2,046,349 km (0.113 R)
  • M12: 4,140,570 km (0.03 R)
  • M13: 4,615,693 km (0.087 R)
  • M14: 4,882,127 km (0.075 R)
  • M15: 6,631,524 km (0.119 R)
  • M16: 6,681,191 km (0.115 R)
  • M17: 7,185,335 km (0.111 R)
  • M18: 7,390,284 km (0.091 R)
  • M19: 7,597,328 km (0.088 R)
  • M20: 8,176,272 km (0.06 R)
  • M21: 8,336,641 km (0.084 R)
  • M22: 8,606,216 km (0.117 R)
  • M23: 8,714,824 km (0.076 R)
  • M24: 8,933,536 km (0.114 R)
  • M25: 9,153,894 km (0.062 R)
  • M26: 10,225,314 km (0.026 R)
  • M27: 10,513,738 km (0.107 R)
  • M28: 10,804,856 km (0.071 R)
  • M29: 11,335,629 km (0.1 R)
  • M30: 11,454,709 km (0.042 R)
  • M31: 12,238,751 km (0.103 R)
  • M32: 13,667,860 km (0.11 R)
  • M33: 13,731,289 km (0.092 R)
  • M34: 13,794,719 km (0.106 R)
  • M35: 14,692,755 km (0.047 R)
  • M36: 14,822,606 km (0.095 R)
  • M37: 14,952,906 km (0.109 R)
  • M38: 15,018,130 km (0.081 R)
  • M39: 16,477,457 km (0.114 R)
  • M40: 17,019,301 km (0.11 R)
  • M41: 17,842,837 km (0.118 R)
  • M42: 20,173,722 km (0.104 R)
  • M43: 20,390,339 km (0.065 R)
  • M44: 21,190,987 km (0.083 R)
  • M45: 21,705,903 km (0.074 R)
  • M46: 22,076,307 km (0.052 R)
  • M47: 24,649,092 km (0.085 R)
  • M48: 25,345,918 km (0.062 R)
  • M49: 26,600,446 km (0.03 R)
  • M50: 27,076,167 km (0.101 R)
  • M51: 27,875,170 km (0.119 R)
  • M52: 28,600,869 km (0.076 R)
  • M53: 29,169,640 km (0.106 R)
  • M54: 29,988,539 km (0.08 R)
  • M55: 31,816,475 km (0.088 R)
  • M56: 34,023,044 km (0.106 R)
  • M57: 36,015,538 km (0.094 R)
  • M58: 36,893,677 km (0.105 R)
  • M59: 39,119,544 km (0.086 R)
  • M60: 40,203,381 km (0.095 R)
  • M61: 40,657,859 km (0.101 R)
  • M62: 41,296,941 km (0.088 R)
  • M63: 43,234,084 km (0.097 R)
  • M64: 44,073,477 km (0.088 R)
  • M65: 44,729,913 km (0.109 R)
  • M66: 45,673,277 km (0.076 R)
  • M67: 46,527,930 km (0.074 R)
  • M68: 46,623,224 km (0.059 R)
  • M69: 46,814,110 km (0.098 R)
  • M70: 47,292,076 km (0.107 R)
  • M71: 47,387,968 km (0.067 R)
  • M72: 48,639,354 km (0.101 R)
  • M73: 50,194,424 km (0.047 R)
  • M74: 50,389,948 km (0.102 R)
  • M75: 50,683,609 km (0.081 R)
  • M76: 52,259,922 km (0.111 R)
  • M77: 52,458,139 km (0.107 R)
  • M78: 53,852,241 km (0.108 R)
  • M79: 55,763,803 km (0.082 R)
  • M80: 57,697,356 km (0.117 R)
  • M81: 59,239,410 km (0.025 R)
  • M82: 59,549,377 km (0.03 R)
  • M83: 59,756,421 km (0.089 R)
  • M84: 60,690,809 km (0.101 R)
  • M85: 61,629,984 km (0.031 R)
  • M86: 63,628,462 km (0.1 R)
  • M87: 64,901,540 km (0.101 R)
  • M88: 65,008,054 km (0.115 R)
  • M89: 68,337,355 km (0.098 R)
  • M90: 68,879,497 km (0.097 R)
  • M91: 69,640,950 km (0.088 R)
  • M92: 69,968,121 km (0.092 R)
  • M93: 70,295,890 km (0.066 R)
  • M94: 70,843,119 km (0.117 R)
  • M95: 72,272,676 km (0.087 R)
  • M96: 72,493,483 km (0.075 R)
  • M97: 72,603,886 km (0.08 R)
  • M98: 73,711,808 km (0.095 R)

Kuiper Belt

Range: 30.9 - 48.9 AU

Composition

Type: Dwarf Planets/TNOs (Ices)

Reservoir of dwarf planets and volatile ices.

Outer System

Oort Cloud

Range: 291 - 15,028 AU

Composition

Type: Cometary Reservoir

System's final boundary, containing trillions of icy planetesimals.

Gravitational Limit