G8V Star System Generated (Seed: 1768870530)

Star Details

Spectral Class: G8V

Temperature: 5,320 K

Mass: 0.93 sol

Luminosity: 0.78 lux

Habitable Zone (HZ)

Inner Boundary: 0.84 AU

Outer Boundary: 1.21 AU

Physical Limits

Snow Line: 4.24 AU

Max System Radius: 19.3 AU

Planetary System (10 Planets)

Planet 1 - Terrestrial

Semi-Major Axis: 0.99 AU

Status: HZ

Composition: Rocky (Silicates/Metals)

Physical Data

Mass: 3.3

Radius: 1.61

Gravity: 1.27 G

Time & Orbit

Eccentricity (e): 0.2

Orbit Range: 0.79 AU - 1.19 AU

Year: 373 Days

Day: 29.4 Hours

Environment

Temp: 18 °C

Axial Tilt: 25.7 °

Atmosphere: Nâ‚‚, Oâ‚‚

Biome: Oceanic/Continental

Satellites (1)

Outer Limit: 66,086,869 km

  • M1: 403,465 km (0.1 R)

Planet 2 - Terrestrial

Semi-Major Axis: 1.48 AU

Status: Outer (Cold)

Composition: Rocky (Silicates/Metals)

Physical Data

Mass: 3.94

Radius: 1.73

Gravity: 1.32 G

Time & Orbit

Eccentricity (e): 0.248

Orbit Range: 1.11 AU - 1.85 AU

Year: 682 Days

Day: 34.7 Hours

Environment

Temp: -57 °C

Axial Tilt: 23.1 °

Atmosphere: Thin Nâ‚‚/CHâ‚„

Biome: Ice Cap/Desert

Planet 3 - Terrestrial

Semi-Major Axis: 1.66 AU

Status: Outer (Cold)

Composition: Rocky (Silicates/Metals)

Physical Data

Mass: 1.21

Radius: 1.08

Gravity: 1.04 G

Time & Orbit

Eccentricity (e): 0.126

Orbit Range: 1.45 AU - 1.87 AU

Year: 810 Days

Day: 45.8 Hours

Environment

Temp: -66 °C

Axial Tilt: 15.9 °

Atmosphere: Thin Nâ‚‚/CHâ‚„

Biome: Ice Cap/Desert

Satellites (1)

Outer Limit: 66,086,869 km

  • M1: 701,016 km (0.05 R)

Planet 4 - Terrestrial

Semi-Major Axis: 1.89 AU

Status: Outer (Cold)

Composition: Rocky (Silicates/Metals)

Physical Data

Mass: 4.87

Radius: 1.88

Gravity: 1.38 G

Time & Orbit

Eccentricity (e): 0.021

Orbit Range: 1.85 AU - 1.93 AU

Year: 984 Days

Day: 35 Hours

Environment

Temp: -76 °C

Axial Tilt: 33.3 °

Atmosphere: Thin Nâ‚‚/CHâ‚„

Biome: Ice Cap/Desert

Planet 5 - Terrestrial

Semi-Major Axis: 2.74 AU

Status: Outer (Cold)

Composition: Rocky (Silicates/Metals)

Physical Data

Mass: 3.75

Radius: 1.7

Gravity: 1.3 G

Time & Orbit

Eccentricity (e): 0.05

Orbit Range: 2.6 AU - 2.88 AU

Year: 1718 Days

Day: 21.9 Hours

Environment

Temp: -102 °C

Axial Tilt: 12 °

Atmosphere: Thin Nâ‚‚/CHâ‚„

Biome: Ice Cap/Desert

Planet 6 - Terrestrial

Semi-Major Axis: 4.15 AU

Status: Outer (Cold)

Composition: Rocky (Silicates/Metals)

Physical Data

Mass: 2.62

Radius: 1.47

Gravity: 1.21 G

Time & Orbit

Eccentricity (e): 0.172

Orbit Range: 3.44 AU - 4.86 AU

Year: 3202 Days

Day: 34.9 Hours

Environment

Temp: -144 °C

Axial Tilt: 33.2 °

Atmosphere: Thin Nâ‚‚/CHâ‚„

Biome: Ice Cap/Desert

Planet 7 - Gas Giant

Semi-Major Axis: 8.64 AU

Status: Outer (Cold)

Composition: Hydrogen/Helium Atmosphere

Physical Data

Mass: 819.3

Radius: 9.1

Gravity: 9.89 G

Time & Orbit

Eccentricity (e): 0.102

Orbit Range: 7.76 AU - 9.52 AU

Year: 9619 Days

Day: 14.1 Hours

Environment

Temp: -167 °C

Axial Tilt: 5.9 °

Atmosphere: Hâ‚‚, CHâ‚„

Biome: None

Satellites (85)

Outer Limit: 66,086,869 km

  • M1: 186,549 km (0.063 R)
  • M2: 274,512 km (0.111 R)
  • M3: 383,120 km (0.103 R)
  • M4: 494,122 km (0.05 R)
  • M5: 699,669 km (0.081 R)
  • M6: 1,048,980 km (0.087 R)
  • M7: 1,232,387 km (0.045 R)
  • M8: 1,630,766 km (0.1 R)
  • M9: 2,092,725 km (0.088 R)
  • M10: 2,169,468 km (0.047 R)
  • M11: 2,788,056 km (0.101 R)
  • M12: 2,986,871 km (0.119 R)
  • M13: 3,249,415 km (0.098 R)
  • M14: 3,953,872 km (0.065 R)
  • M15: 4,274,759 km (0.089 R)
  • M16: 4,339,984 km (0.118 R)
  • M17: 4,471,331 km (0.114 R)
  • M18: 4,537,453 km (0.056 R)
  • M19: 4,941,666 km (0.057 R)
  • M20: 5,569,379 km (0.048 R)
  • M21: 5,929,162 km (0.119 R)
  • M22: 6,595,621 km (0.084 R)
  • M23: 6,976,048 km (0.04 R)
  • M24: 7,207,775 km (0.099 R)
  • M25: 7,285,566 km (0.034 R)
  • M26: 7,363,806 km (0.075 R)
  • M27: 8,404,259 km (0.089 R)
  • M28: 8,733,823 km (0.117 R)
  • M29: 8,941,764 km (0.108 R)
  • M30: 9,025,539 km (0.111 R)
  • M31: 9,405,368 km (0.088 R)
  • M32: 9,661,479 km (0.063 R)
  • M33: 9,790,433 km (0.111 R)
  • M34: 9,963,218 km (0.066 R)
  • M35: 10,620,252 km (0.032 R)
  • M36: 10,753,245 km (0.052 R)
  • M37: 11,200,991 km (0.104 R)
  • M38: 11,291,198 km (0.093 R)
  • M39: 11,381,705 km (0.032 R)
  • M40: 12,439,961 km (0.087 R)
  • M41: 13,051,816 km (0.11 R)
  • M42: 14,402,984 km (0.091 R)
  • M43: 14,747,657 km (0.072 R)
  • M44: 16,717,712 km (0.12 R)
  • M45: 17,131,948 km (0.073 R)
  • M46: 18,501,367 km (0.063 R)
  • M47: 18,822,404 km (0.059 R)
  • M48: 19,960,545 km (0.039 R)
  • M49: 20,070,050 km (0.115 R)
  • M50: 20,898,075 km (0.104 R)
  • M51: 21,065,026 km (0.099 R)
  • M52: 22,587,483 km (0.076 R)
  • M53: 22,930,511 km (0.063 R)
  • M54: 24,086,753 km (0.096 R)
  • M55: 24,495,903 km (0.09 R)
  • M56: 24,671,980 km (0.081 R)
  • M57: 26,095,404 km (0.117 R)
  • M58: 27,484,420 km (0.058 R)
  • M59: 27,728,414 km (0.057 R)
  • M60: 27,789,600 km (0.055 R)
  • M61: 28,464,884 km (0.104 R)
  • M62: 29,768,929 km (0.101 R)
  • M63: 30,333,811 km (0.106 R)
  • M64: 32,628,492 km (0.085 R)
  • M65: 33,275,653 km (0.101 R)
  • M66: 33,600,879 km (0.12 R)
  • M67: 33,992,675 km (0.087 R)
  • M68: 34,058,050 km (0.081 R)
  • M69: 35,574,374 km (0.03 R)
  • M70: 35,973,501 km (0.109 R)
  • M71: 36,709,223 km (0.087 R)
  • M72: 37,720,505 km (0.047 R)
  • M73: 37,788,273 km (0.05 R)
  • M74: 39,151,558 km (0.118 R)
  • M75: 41,926,150 km (0.1 R)
  • M76: 41,996,311 km (0.1 R)
  • M77: 43,977,136 km (0.117 R)
  • M78: 44,119,703 km (0.104 R)
  • M79: 44,333,927 km (0.113 R)
  • M80: 44,978,844 km (0.071 R)
  • M81: 45,050,651 km (0.06 R)
  • M82: 45,410,434 km (0.091 R)
  • M83: 46,132,842 km (0.117 R)
  • M84: 46,859,139 km (0.106 R)
  • M85: 47,589,177 km (0.096 R)

Planet 8 - Gas Giant

Semi-Major Axis: 9.61 AU

Status: Outer (Cold)

Composition: Hydrogen/Helium Atmosphere

Physical Data

Mass: 847

Radius: 13.9

Gravity: 4.38 G

Time & Orbit

Eccentricity (e): 0.082

Orbit Range: 8.82 AU - 10.4 AU

Year: 11283 Days

Day: 13.8 Hours

Environment

Temp: -184 °C

Axial Tilt: 10.4 °

Atmosphere: Hâ‚‚, CHâ‚„

Biome: None

Satellites (82)

Outer Limit: 66,086,869 km

  • M1: 318,494 km (0.098 R)
  • M2: 461,659 km (0.027 R)
  • M3: 1,115,402 km (0.104 R)
  • M4: 1,723,966 km (0.092 R)
  • M5: 1,983,668 km (0.052 R)
  • M6: 2,748,262 km (0.098 R)
  • M7: 3,147,240 km (0.109 R)
  • M8: 3,630,890 km (0.084 R)
  • M9: 4,069,062 km (0.066 R)
  • M10: 4,812,863 km (0.057 R)
  • M11: 5,294,568 km (0.103 R)
  • M12: 6,145,032 km (0.118 R)
  • M13: 6,264,411 km (0.029 R)
  • M14: 6,384,538 km (0.105 R)
  • M15: 6,586,345 km (0.058 R)
  • M16: 6,955,104 km (0.073 R)
  • M17: 7,670,182 km (0.079 R)
  • M18: 7,841,920 km (0.097 R)
  • M19: 8,145,454 km (0.074 R)
  • M20: 8,364,615 km (0.105 R)
  • M21: 8,541,440 km (0.085 R)
  • M22: 8,898,829 km (0.083 R)
  • M23: 9,860,145 km (0.065 R)
  • M24: 11,047,504 km (0.032 R)
  • M25: 11,535,193 km (0.045 R)
  • M26: 11,930,281 km (0.118 R)
  • M27: 12,079,729 km (0.114 R)
  • M28: 13,091,310 km (0.077 R)
  • M29: 13,503,601 km (0.102 R)
  • M30: 14,606,138 km (0.061 R)
  • M31: 15,033,688 km (0.052 R)
  • M32: 15,249,109 km (0.041 R)
  • M33: 17,233,226 km (0.087 R)
  • M34: 17,912,550 km (0.11 R)
  • M35: 18,716,339 km (0.059 R)
  • M36: 21,986,100 km (0.059 R)
  • M37: 22,108,321 km (0.118 R)
  • M38: 22,414,698 km (0.106 R)
  • M39: 23,156,105 km (0.115 R)
  • M40: 23,968,272 km (0.053 R)
  • M41: 24,283,175 km (0.103 R)
  • M42: 24,472,865 km (0.071 R)
  • M43: 24,853,442 km (0.091 R)
  • M44: 24,980,900 km (0.074 R)
  • M45: 25,428,197 km (0.076 R)
  • M46: 26,330,871 km (0.09 R)
  • M47: 26,982,070 km (0.079 R)
  • M48: 28,167,633 km (0.076 R)
  • M49: 28,566,611 km (0.101 R)
  • M50: 29,101,573 km (0.1 R)
  • M51: 29,370,251 km (0.109 R)
  • M52: 29,774,763 km (0.079 R)
  • M53: 30,113,303 km (0.081 R)
  • M54: 30,999,521 km (0.069 R)
  • M55: 31,205,368 km (0.047 R)
  • M56: 31,618,108 km (0.099 R)
  • M57: 33,921,018 km (0.032 R)
  • M58: 34,062,388 km (0.092 R)
  • M59: 34,203,908 km (0.107 R)
  • M60: 34,771,781 km (0.075 R)
  • M61: 35,629,575 km (0.044 R)
  • M62: 36,639,211 km (0.085 R)
  • M63: 36,929,431 km (0.08 R)
  • M64: 38,612,706 km (0.069 R)
  • M65: 38,908,013 km (0.032 R)
  • M66: 39,352,468 km (0.072 R)
  • M67: 40,096,867 km (0.087 R)
  • M68: 40,695,707 km (0.047 R)
  • M69: 41,523,881 km (0.036 R)
  • M70: 41,675,124 km (0.109 R)
  • M71: 42,281,744 km (0.065 R)
  • M72: 43,197,133 km (0.072 R)
  • M73: 44,273,340 km (0.111 R)
  • M74: 44,737,243 km (0.072 R)
  • M75: 45,748,076 km (0.116 R)
  • M76: 49,064,661 km (0.106 R)
  • M77: 49,544,720 km (0.105 R)
  • M78: 50,187,393 km (0.097 R)
  • M79: 50,994,473 km (0.096 R)
  • M80: 52,050,036 km (0.09 R)
  • M81: 54,679,219 km (0.097 R)
  • M82: 54,928,000 km (0.1 R)

Planet 9 - Ice Giant

Semi-Major Axis: 14.41 AU

Status: Outer (Cold)

Composition: Methane/Ammonia Ices

Physical Data

Mass: 171.6

Radius: 7.7

Gravity: 2.89 G

Time & Orbit

Eccentricity (e): 0.025

Orbit Range: 14.05 AU - 14.77 AU

Year: 20718 Days

Day: 22.2 Hours

Environment

Temp: -187 °C

Axial Tilt: 22.2 °

Atmosphere: Hâ‚‚, CHâ‚„

Biome: None

Satellites (94)

Outer Limit: 66,086,869 km

  • M1: 144,811 km (0.095 R)
  • M2: 403,017 km (0.065 R)
  • M3: 532,718 km (0.055 R)
  • M4: 780,302 km (0.061 R)
  • M5: 852,409 km (0.106 R)
  • M6: 1,184,067 km (0.115 R)
  • M7: 1,267,692 km (0.075 R)
  • M8: 1,331,870 km (0.065 R)
  • M9: 1,508,246 km (0.065 R)
  • M10: 1,576,462 km (0.112 R)
  • M11: 1,763,310 km (0.091 R)
  • M12: 2,007,155 km (0.061 R)
  • M13: 2,499,780 km (0.091 R)
  • M14: 3,000,185 km (0.055 R)
  • M15: 3,115,525 km (0.102 R)
  • M16: 3,203,040 km (0.066 R)
  • M17: 3,321,073 km (0.109 R)
  • M18: 3,470,671 km (0.094 R)
  • M19: 3,653,030 km (0.08 R)
  • M20: 4,745,095 km (0.109 R)
  • M21: 4,913,692 km (0.078 R)
  • M22: 5,084,383 km (0.096 R)
  • M23: 5,187,605 km (0.054 R)
  • M24: 6,406,828 km (0.07 R)
  • M25: 7,240,836 km (0.109 R)
  • M26: 7,948,584 km (0.043 R)
  • M27: 8,391,842 km (0.057 R)
  • M28: 8,596,043 km (0.114 R)
  • M29: 8,967,644 km (0.09 R)
  • M30: 9,344,481 km (0.119 R)
  • M31: 9,556,162 km (0.072 R)
  • M32: 9,641,284 km (0.111 R)
  • M33: 9,984,162 km (0.117 R)
  • M34: 11,849,348 km (0.074 R)
  • M35: 12,078,532 km (0.113 R)
  • M36: 12,448,188 km (0.097 R)
  • M37: 12,774,611 km (0.115 R)
  • M38: 14,400,141 km (0.093 R)
  • M39: 14,546,747 km (0.109 R)
  • M40: 15,436,406 km (0.077 R)
  • M41: 15,636,418 km (0.116 R)
  • M42: 16,752,269 km (0.112 R)
  • M43: 18,899,447 km (0.075 R)
  • M44: 18,952,853 km (0.071 R)
  • M45: 19,760,532 km (0.105 R)
  • M46: 20,141,409 km (0.052 R)
  • M47: 20,414,873 km (0.049 R)
  • M48: 20,744,587 km (0.09 R)
  • M49: 20,854,990 km (0.111 R)
  • M50: 20,965,394 km (0.115 R)
  • M51: 21,688,550 km (0.102 R)
  • M52: 21,744,499 km (0.075 R)
  • M53: 21,856,548 km (0.055 R)
  • M54: 22,081,394 km (0.115 R)
  • M55: 22,250,439 km (0.07 R)
  • M56: 22,760,119 km (0.114 R)
  • M57: 23,273,689 km (0.094 R)
  • M58: 25,602,030 km (0.03 R)
  • M59: 26,017,164 km (0.118 R)
  • M60: 26,494,232 km (0.105 R)
  • M61: 26,793,876 km (0.08 R)
  • M62: 27,578,218 km (0.085 R)
  • M63: 28,676,565 km (0.102 R)
  • M64: 29,354,842 km (0.119 R)
  • M65: 29,602,726 km (0.099 R)
  • M66: 29,664,809 km (0.06 R)
  • M67: 29,851,507 km (0.115 R)
  • M68: 30,350,865 km (0.088 R)
  • M69: 30,476,078 km (0.033 R)
  • M70: 31,168,268 km (0.06 R)
  • M71: 32,696,260 km (0.039 R)
  • M72: 35,230,747 km (0.097 R)
  • M73: 35,560,311 km (0.101 R)
  • M74: 36,288,703 km (0.059 R)
  • M75: 37,156,072 km (0.105 R)
  • M76: 37,357,131 km (0.042 R)
  • M77: 38,097,641 km (0.094 R)
  • M78: 38,165,110 km (0.062 R)
  • M79: 38,978,922 km (0.038 R)
  • M80: 39,183,273 km (0.073 R)
  • M81: 40,692,715 km (0.111 R)
  • M82: 42,151,294 km (0.118 R)
  • M83: 42,781,550 km (0.112 R)
  • M84: 43,344,487 km (0.063 R)
  • M85: 43,909,817 km (0.102 R)
  • M86: 43,980,577 km (0.035 R)
  • M87: 44,477,541 km (0.064 R)
  • M88: 45,405,347 km (0.065 R)
  • M89: 45,548,662 km (0.103 R)
  • M90: 46,267,480 km (0.072 R)
  • M91: 46,556,054 km (0.119 R)
  • M92: 47,498,072 km (0.084 R)
  • M93: 47,570,777 km (0.052 R)
  • M94: 47,862,044 km (0.103 R)

Planet 10 - Ice Giant

Semi-Major Axis: 15.84 AU

Status: Outer (Cold)

Composition: Methane/Ammonia Ices

Physical Data

Mass: 314.9

Radius: 7.7

Gravity: 5.31 G

Time & Orbit

Eccentricity (e): 0.013

Orbit Range: 15.63 AU - 16.05 AU

Year: 23877 Days

Day: 20.7 Hours

Environment

Temp: -191 °C

Axial Tilt: 16.7 °

Atmosphere: Hâ‚‚, CHâ‚„

Biome: None

Satellites (95)

Outer Limit: 66,086,869 km

  • M1: 296,653 km (0.1 R)
  • M2: 388,506 km (0.095 R)
  • M3: 509,530 km (0.04 R)
  • M4: 1,041,500 km (0.095 R)
  • M5: 1,265,897 km (0.095 R)
  • M6: 1,424,172 km (0.113 R)
  • M7: 2,058,616 km (0.116 R)
  • M8: 2,373,221 km (0.05 R)
  • M9: 2,873,326 km (0.119 R)
  • M10: 3,405,446 km (0.11 R)
  • M11: 4,045,126 km (0.108 R)
  • M12: 4,240,202 km (0.109 R)
  • M13: 4,680,469 km (0.098 R)
  • M14: 4,844,278 km (0.111 R)
  • M15: 5,219,619 km (0.058 R)
  • M16: 5,304,292 km (0.106 R)
  • M17: 5,474,983 km (0.099 R)
  • M18: 6,812,687 km (0.066 R)
  • M19: 7,280,180 km (0.064 R)
  • M20: 7,517,742 km (0.073 R)
  • M21: 8,945,653 km (0.106 R)
  • M22: 11,541,027 km (0.06 R)
  • M23: 11,985,482 km (0.117 R)
  • M24: 12,492,170 km (0.102 R)
  • M25: 12,548,868 km (0.097 R)
  • M26: 12,605,715 km (0.097 R)
  • M27: 13,352,208 km (0.106 R)
  • M28: 13,760,012 km (0.102 R)
  • M29: 14,231,245 km (0.101 R)
  • M30: 14,468,807 km (0.052 R)
  • M31: 14,647,876 km (0.114 R)
  • M32: 15,860,067 km (0.1 R)
  • M33: 16,540,588 km (0.099 R)
  • M34: 17,293,663 km (0.119 R)
  • M35: 17,993,781 km (0.119 R)
  • M36: 18,833,175 km (0.101 R)
  • M37: 18,898,400 km (0.102 R)
  • M38: 19,159,448 km (0.114 R)
  • M39: 19,751,407 km (0.101 R)
  • M40: 21,359,135 km (0.086 R)
  • M41: 21,904,270 km (0.094 R)
  • M42: 23,427,176 km (0.096 R)
  • M43: 23,707,672 km (0.062 R)
  • M44: 23,918,755 km (0.111 R)
  • M45: 23,989,365 km (0.066 R)
  • M46: 24,912,384 km (0.066 R)
  • M47: 27,086,340 km (0.111 R)
  • M48: 28,047,207 km (0.054 R)
  • M49: 28,121,557 km (0.118 R)
  • M50: 29,395,982 km (0.11 R)
  • M51: 31,845,348 km (0.094 R)
  • M52: 31,922,989 km (0.099 R)
  • M53: 32,389,884 km (0.105 R)
  • M54: 32,859,023 km (0.098 R)
  • M55: 34,917,938 km (0.07 R)
  • M56: 35,720,830 km (0.068 R)
  • M57: 36,124,595 km (0.053 R)
  • M58: 36,286,460 km (0.089 R)
  • M59: 36,855,231 km (0.092 R)
  • M60: 37,836,892 km (0.117 R)
  • M61: 38,083,579 km (0.044 R)
  • M62: 38,248,436 km (0.114 R)
  • M63: 38,496,020 km (0.074 R)
  • M64: 39,492,043 km (0.109 R)
  • M65: 40,412,369 km (0.091 R)
  • M66: 40,748,814 km (0.072 R)
  • M67: 41,339,876 km (0.056 R)
  • M68: 42,018,751 km (0.059 R)
  • M69: 44,250,452 km (0.051 R)
  • M70: 45,293,598 km (0.087 R)
  • M71: 45,555,544 km (0.102 R)
  • M72: 46,081,081 km (0.12 R)
  • M73: 46,873,202 km (0.097 R)
  • M74: 47,758,522 km (0.065 R)
  • M75: 47,936,244 km (0.108 R)
  • M76: 48,114,266 km (0.085 R)
  • M77: 48,560,067 km (0.116 R)
  • M78: 49,635,676 km (0.116 R)
  • M79: 49,905,850 km (0.06 R)
  • M80: 50,900,526 km (0.04 R)
  • M81: 52,542,213 km (0.098 R)
  • M82: 53,461,791 km (0.087 R)
  • M83: 53,831,148 km (0.112 R)
  • M84: 54,108,652 km (0.099 R)
  • M85: 55,877,497 km (0.066 R)
  • M86: 56,346,038 km (0.057 R)
  • M87: 56,627,880 km (0.069 R)
  • M88: 56,721,977 km (0.099 R)
  • M89: 57,949,129 km (0.059 R)
  • M90: 58,613,493 km (0.092 R)
  • M91: 59,854,258 km (0.079 R)
  • M92: 61,393,021 km (0.106 R)
  • M93: 61,973,461 km (0.073 R)
  • M94: 64,902,587 km (0.074 R)
  • M95: 65,987,920 km (0.085 R)

Kuiper Belt

Range: 30 - 48 AU

Composition

Type: Dwarf Planets/TNOs (Ices)

Reservoir of dwarf planets and volatile ices.

Outer System

Oort Cloud

Range: 502 - 14,372 AU

Composition

Type: Cometary Reservoir

System's final boundary, containing trillions of icy planetesimals.

Gravitational Limit