🌌 Stone's Star System Generator

Asteroid Belt

Center: 0.45 AU

Composition

Type: Inner System (Rocky)

A dense region of planetesimals and debris.

Boundary

Planet 1 - Gas Giant

Semi-Major Axis: 0.9 AU

Status: Outer (Cold)

Composition: Hydrogen/Helium Atmosphere

Physical Data

Mass: 121.7

Radius: 9.8

Gravity: 1.27 G

Time & Orbit

Eccentricity (e): 0.056

Orbit Range: 0.85 AU - 0.95 AU

Year: 569 Days

Day: 10.4 Hours

Environment

Temp: -167 °C

Axial Tilt: 30 °

Atmosphere: H₂, CH₄

Biome: None

Satellites (29)

Outer Limit: 25,801,311 km

• M1: 128,953 km (0.084 R)
• M2: 190,438 km (0.062 R)
• M3: 253,419 km (0.117 R)
• M4: 324,328 km (0.103 R)
• M5: 444,605 km (0.077 R)
• M6: 523,593 km (0.101 R)
• M7: 605,123 km (0.057 R)
• M8: 710,141 km (0.119 R)
• M9: 808,576 km (0.085 R)
• M10: 905,366 km (0.063 R)
• M11: 974,481 km (0.106 R)
• M12: 1,078,002 km (0.088 R)
• M13: 1,212,042 km (0.107 R)
• M14: 1,277,267 km (0.1 R)
• M15: 1,513,482 km (0.114 R)
• M16: 1,776,924 km (0.119 R)
• M17: 2,284,958 km (0.084 R)
• M18: 2,543,164 km (0.103 R)
• M19: 2,633,072 km (0.053 R)
• M20: 2,724,028 km (0.101 R)
• M21: 2,805,708 km (0.117 R)
• M22: 2,909,080 km (0.062 R)
• M23: 3,242,983 km (0.098 R)
• M24: 3,329,749 km (0.113 R)
• M25: 3,439,405 km (0.056 R)
• M26: 3,572,547 km (0.083 R)
• M27: 3,690,430 km (0.078 R)
• M28: 3,832,548 km (0.119 R)
• M29: 3,901,363 km (0.035 R)

Planet 2 - Gas Giant

Semi-Major Axis: 1.01 AU

Status: Outer (Cold)

Composition: Hydrogen/Helium Atmosphere

Physical Data

Mass: 119

Radius: 10.4

Gravity: 1.1 G

Time & Orbit

Eccentricity (e): 0.12

Orbit Range: 0.89 AU - 1.13 AU

Year: 677 Days

Day: 9.9 Hours

Environment

Temp: -167 °C

Axial Tilt: 18.7 °

Atmosphere: H₂, CH₄

Biome: None

Satellites (39)

Outer Limit: 25,801,311 km

• M1: 130,898 km (0.108 R)
• M2: 202,406 km (0.082 R)
• M3: 273,914 km (0.074 R)
• M4: 410,497 km (0.106 R)
• M5: 520,900 km (0.117 R)
• M6: 620,682 km (0.059 R)
• M7: 741,108 km (0.076 R)
• M8: 809,773 km (0.049 R)
• M9: 888,163 km (0.066 R)
• M10: 1,072,617 km (0.05 R)
• M11: 1,167,611 km (0.118 R)
• M12: 1,232,686 km (0.054 R)
• M13: 1,358,199 km (0.051 R)
• M14: 1,474,885 km (0.083 R)
• M15: 1,568,085 km (0.053 R)
• M16: 1,635,853 km (0.033 R)
• M17: 1,723,218 km (0.093 R)
• M18: 1,798,166 km (0.113 R)
• M19: 1,883,736 km (0.095 R)
• M20: 2,014,635 km (0.04 R)
• M21: 2,148,824 km (0.104 R)
• M22: 2,275,683 km (0.107 R)
• M23: 2,384,291 km (0.12 R)
• M24: 2,505,166 km (0.11 R)
• M25: 2,633,521 km (0.071 R)
• M26: 2,714,902 km (0.095 R)
• M27: 2,797,181 km (0.1 R)
• M28: 2,863,602 km (0.073 R)
• M29: 2,975,502 km (0.103 R)
• M30: 3,043,419 km (0.082 R)
• M31: 3,123,155 km (0.077 R)
• M32: 3,261,682 km (0.055 R)
• M33: 3,473,363 km (0.099 R)
• M34: 3,562,972 km (0.098 R)
• M35: 3,695,666 km (0.113 R)
• M36: 3,799,487 km (0.105 R)
• M37: 3,904,056 km (0.091 R)
• M38: 3,991,122 km (0.066 R)
• M39: 4,300,640 km (0.092 R)

Planet 3 - Gas Giant

Semi-Major Axis: 1.13 AU

Status: Outer (Cold)

Composition: Hydrogen/Helium Atmosphere

Physical Data

Mass: 732.7

Radius: 10.2

Gravity: 7.04 G

Time & Orbit

Eccentricity (e): 0.171

Orbit Range: 0.94 AU - 1.32 AU

Year: 801 Days

Day: 5.9 Hours

Environment

Temp: -188 °C

Axial Tilt: 126.9 °

Atmosphere: H₂, CH₄

Biome: None

Satellites (55)

Outer Limit: 25,801,311 km

• M1: 144,960 km (0.075 R)
• M2: 326,273 km (0.106 R)
• M3: 445,652 km (0.056 R)
• M4: 514,317 km (0.087 R)
• M5: 696,378 km (0.078 R)
• M6: 824,284 km (0.072 R)
• M7: 924,216 km (0.05 R)
• M8: 1,047,484 km (0.078 R)
• M9: 1,137,093 km (0.106 R)
• M10: 1,236,127 km (0.065 R)
• M11: 1,317,658 km (0.081 R)
• M12: 1,500,616 km (0.113 R)
• M13: 1,587,981 km (0.066 R)
• M14: 1,654,702 km (0.113 R)
• M15: 1,852,919 km (0.096 R)
• M16: 1,978,731 km (0.116 R)
• M17: 2,206,120 km (0.085 R)
• M18: 2,433,359 km (0.109 R)
• M19: 2,606,743 km (0.033 R)
• M20: 2,695,006 km (0.095 R)
• M21: 2,784,316 km (0.109 R)
• M22: 3,198,402 km (0.114 R)
• M23: 3,340,820 km (0.103 R)
• M24: 3,417,563 km (0.118 R)
• M25: 3,661,557 km (0.096 R)
• M26: 3,800,684 km (0.089 R)
• M27: 3,880,868 km (0.077 R)
• M28: 4,002,491 km (0.084 R)
• M29: 4,458,914 km (0.116 R)
• M30: 4,661,320 km (0.055 R)
• M31: 4,747,339 km (0.106 R)
• M32: 4,953,933 km (0.061 R)
• M33: 5,019,906 km (0.069 R)
• M34: 5,297,560 km (0.082 R)
• M35: 5,398,688 km (0.097 R)
• M36: 5,489,195 km (0.114 R)
• M37: 6,207,713 km (0.072 R)
• M38: 6,481,926 km (0.117 R)
• M39: 6,566,150 km (0.043 R)
• M40: 6,796,530 km (0.072 R)
• M41: 6,894,367 km (0.102 R)
• M42: 7,091,537 km (0.11 R)
• M43: 7,428,432 km (0.071 R)
• M44: 7,579,825 km (0.097 R)
• M45: 7,732,265 km (0.116 R)
• M46: 7,795,994 km (0.049 R)
• M47: 7,937,065 km (0.094 R)
• M48: 8,053,153 km (0.046 R)
• M49: 8,195,719 km (0.05 R)
• M50: 8,313,004 km (0.08 R)
• M51: 8,536,055 km (0.093 R)
• M52: 8,602,027 km (0.068 R)
• M53: 8,707,942 km (0.043 R)
• M54: 8,841,085 km (0.056 R)
• M55: 8,907,805 km (0.108 R)

Planet 4 - Gas Giant

Semi-Major Axis: 1.39 AU

Status: Outer (Cold)

Composition: Hydrogen/Helium Atmosphere

Physical Data

Mass: 260.3

Radius: 11.4

Gravity: 2 G

Time & Orbit

Eccentricity (e): 0.028

Orbit Range: 1.35 AU - 1.43 AU

Year: 1093 Days

Day: 5.7 Hours

Environment

Temp: -180 °C

Axial Tilt: 6.7 °

Atmosphere: H₂, CH₄

Biome: None

Satellites (50)

Outer Limit: 25,801,311 km

• M1: 142,417 km (0.041 R)
• M2: 253,419 km (0.03 R)
• M3: 362,775 km (0.073 R)
• M4: 477,965 km (0.096 R)
• M5: 581,038 km (0.068 R)
• M6: 659,427 km (0.11 R)
• M7: 761,902 km (0.074 R)
• M8: 924,216 km (0.113 R)
• M9: 995,873 km (0.108 R)
• M10: 1,069,625 km (0.1 R)
• M11: 1,223,112 km (0.075 R)
• M12: 1,333,815 km (0.073 R)
• M13: 1,448,107 km (0.088 R)
• M14: 1,546,094 km (0.114 R)
• M15: 1,693,747 km (0.106 R)
• M16: 1,790,387 km (0.098 R)
• M17: 1,867,580 km (0.078 R)
• M18: 1,982,022 km (0.071 R)
• M19: 2,098,709 km (0.099 R)
• M20: 2,195,498 km (0.05 R)
• M21: 2,432,162 km (0.072 R)
• M22: 2,645,190 km (0.11 R)
• M23: 2,839,816 km (0.087 R)
• M24: 2,914,017 km (0.103 R)
• M25: 3,047,608 km (0.09 R)
• M26: 3,226,078 km (0.12 R)
• M27: 3,390,486 km (0.106 R)
• M28: 3,531,258 km (0.094 R)
• M29: 3,629,095 km (0.107 R)
• M30: 3,710,027 km (0.077 R)
• M31: 3,809,510 km (0.103 R)
• M32: 4,188,591 km (0.108 R)
• M33: 4,406,704 km (0.114 R)
• M34: 4,521,895 km (0.103 R)
• M35: 4,804,635 km (0.083 R)
• M36: 4,933,289 km (0.079 R)
• M37: 5,387,468 km (0.101 R)
• M38: 5,697,884 km (0.08 R)
• M39: 5,939,783 km (0.077 R)
• M40: 6,035,376 km (0.11 R)
• M41: 6,110,175 km (0.12 R)
• M42: 6,282,063 km (0.12 R)
• M43: 6,510,200 km (0.093 R)
• M44: 6,597,864 km (0.107 R)
• M45: 6,807,601 km (0.113 R)
• M46: 6,952,411 km (0.034 R)
• M47: 7,042,021 km (0.085 R)
• M48: 7,211,066 km (0.12 R)
• M49: 7,599,273 km (0.071 R)
• M50: 7,807,662 km (0.088 R)

Planet 5 - Gas Giant

Semi-Major Axis: 1.61 AU

Status: Outer (Cold)

Composition: Hydrogen/Helium Atmosphere

Physical Data

Mass: 417.9

Radius: 12.9

Gravity: 2.51 G

Time & Orbit

Eccentricity (e): 0.036

Orbit Range: 1.55 AU - 1.67 AU

Year: 1362 Days

Day: 7.5 Hours

Environment

Temp: -185 °C

Axial Tilt: 17.8 °

Atmosphere: H₂, CH₄

Biome: None

Satellites (53)

Outer Limit: 25,801,311 km

• M1: 167,998 km (0.111 R)
• M2: 251,624 km (0.098 R)
• M3: 348,413 km (0.116 R)
• M4: 461,061 km (0.106 R)
• M5: 721,810 km (0.085 R)
• M6: 851,810 km (0.11 R)
• M7: 983,606 km (0.115 R)
• M8: 1,137,393 km (0.088 R)
• M9: 1,299,557 km (0.081 R)
• M10: 1,414,897 km (0.07 R)
• M11: 1,509,742 km (0.116 R)
• M12: 1,615,059 km (0.053 R)
• M13: 1,833,472 km (0.098 R)
• M14: 2,026,004 km (0.045 R)
• M15: 2,403,140 km (0.086 R)
• M16: 2,923,591 km (0.038 R)
• M17: 3,129,288 km (0.107 R)
• M18: 3,265,572 km (0.104 R)
• M19: 3,350,394 km (0.071 R)
• M20: 3,533,203 km (0.103 R)
• M21: 3,697,461 km (0.06 R)
• M22: 4,113,343 km (0.077 R)
• M23: 4,344,472 km (0.053 R)
• M24: 4,603,725 km (0.045 R)
• M25: 4,868,064 km (0.112 R)
• M26: 4,989,837 km (0.114 R)
• M27: 5,088,123 km (0.053 R)
• M28: 5,324,039 km (0.068 R)
• M29: 5,538,263 km (0.077 R)
• M30: 6,119,002 km (0.107 R)
• M31: 6,370,027 km (0.119 R)
• M32: 6,476,840 km (0.117 R)
• M33: 6,584,101 km (0.056 R)
• M34: 6,719,188 km (0.114 R)
• M35: 6,800,719 km (0.03 R)
• M36: 6,909,776 km (0.113 R)
• M37: 7,088,396 km (0.097 R)
• M38: 7,226,924 km (0.07 R)
• M39: 7,464,335 km (0.088 R)
• M40: 7,832,645 km (0.101 R)
• M41: 7,918,514 km (0.065 R)
• M42: 8,091,001 km (0.117 R)
• M43: 8,177,917 km (0.096 R)
• M44: 8,294,005 km (0.09 R)
• M45: 8,483,994 km (0.081 R)
• M46: 8,957,920 km (0.101 R)
• M47: 9,288,681 km (0.094 R)
• M48: 9,531,928 km (0.106 R)
• M49: 9,684,966 km (0.115 R)
• M50: 9,885,128 km (0.097 R)
• M51: 10,149,019 km (0.089 R)
• M52: 10,242,667 km (0.108 R)
• M53: 10,541,264 km (0.066 R)

Planet 6 - Gas Giant

Semi-Major Axis: 2.19 AU

Status: Outer (Cold)

Composition: Hydrogen/Helium Atmosphere

Physical Data

Mass: 53.6

Radius: 11.3

Gravity: 0.42 G

Time & Orbit

Eccentricity (e): 0.11

Orbit Range: 1.95 AU - 2.43 AU

Year: 2161 Days

Day: 8.6 Hours

Environment

Temp: -203 °C

Axial Tilt: 45.5 °

Atmosphere: H₂, CH₄

Biome: None

Satellites (35)

Outer Limit: 25,801,311 km

• M1: 164,109 km (0.105 R)
• M2: 246,986 km (0.084 R)
• M3: 342,579 km (0.091 R)
• M4: 503,846 km (0.112 R)
• M5: 657,183 km (0.111 R)
• M6: 778,657 km (0.115 R)
• M7: 872,604 km (0.074 R)
• M8: 1,002,755 km (0.059 R)
• M9: 1,277,566 km (0.106 R)
• M10: 1,354,459 km (0.099 R)
• M11: 1,482,515 km (0.119 R)
• M12: 1,777,223 km (0.084 R)
• M13: 1,945,371 km (0.108 R)
• M14: 2,182,783 km (0.061 R)
• M15: 2,319,665 km (0.047 R)
• M16: 2,400,148 km (0.049 R)
• M17: 2,670,621 km (0.046 R)
• M18: 2,762,923 km (0.101 R)
• M19: 3,102,809 km (0.083 R)
• M20: 3,175,813 km (0.03 R)
• M21: 3,257,494 km (0.084 R)
• M22: 3,331,545 km (0.103 R)
• M23: 3,464,687 km (0.112 R)
• M24: 3,625,205 km (0.103 R)
• M25: 3,918,567 km (0.057 R)
• M26: 4,751,079 km (0.053 R)
• M27: 5,168,457 km (0.102 R)
• M28: 5,440,127 km (0.037 R)
• M29: 5,806,492 km (0.068 R)
• M30: 5,896,849 km (0.063 R)
• M31: 6,028,046 km (0.086 R)
• M32: 6,794,137 km (0.093 R)
• M33: 6,889,431 km (0.069 R)
• M34: 7,017,187 km (0.093 R)
• M35: 7,350,791 km (0.104 R)

Planet 7 - Gas Giant

Semi-Major Axis: 2.81 AU

Status: Outer (Cold)

Composition: Hydrogen/Helium Atmosphere

Physical Data

Mass: 651

Radius: 14.6

Gravity: 3.05 G

Time & Orbit

Eccentricity (e): 0.198

Orbit Range: 2.25 AU - 3.37 AU

Year: 3141 Days

Day: 11.3 Hours

Environment

Temp: -213 °C

Axial Tilt: 69.7 °

Atmosphere: H₂, CH₄

Biome: None

Satellites (69)

Outer Limit: 25,801,311 km

• M1: 191,635 km (0.073 R)
• M2: 329,115 km (0.063 R)
• M3: 514,916 km (0.116 R)
• M4: 661,073 km (0.058 R)
• M5: 784,192 km (0.11 R)
• M6: 1,001,857 km (0.082 R)
• M7: 1,101,788 km (0.075 R)
• M8: 1,264,700 km (0.077 R)
• M9: 1,373,907 km (0.114 R)
• M10: 1,615,807 km (0.102 R)
• M11: 1,776,026 km (0.102 R)
• M12: 1,872,068 km (0.118 R)
• M13: 2,142,092 km (0.12 R)
• M14: 2,784,316 km (0.084 R)
• M15: 2,946,031 km (0.12 R)
• M16: 3,061,072 km (0.066 R)
• M17: 3,398,265 km (0.118 R)
• M18: 3,571,500 km (0.054 R)
• M19: 3,676,966 km (0.104 R)
• M20: 3,837,036 km (0.086 R)
• M21: 4,035,851 km (0.068 R)
• M22: 4,182,607 km (0.047 R)
• M23: 4,443,954 km (0.05 R)
• M24: 4,691,539 km (0.026 R)
• M25: 5,022,150 km (0.056 R)
• M26: 5,280,206 km (0.107 R)
• M27: 5,542,601 km (0.108 R)
• M28: 6,249,451 km (0.102 R)
• M29: 6,377,208 km (0.098 R)
• M30: 6,831,237 km (0.03 R)
• M31: 7,007,015 km (0.09 R)
• M32: 7,363,058 km (0.12 R)
• M33: 7,520,734 km (0.096 R)
• M34: 8,185,995 km (0.112 R)
• M35: 8,941,914 km (0.103 R)
• M36: 9,086,275 km (0.07 R)
• M37: 9,720,421 km (0.09 R)
• M38: 9,868,822 km (0.075 R)
• M39: 9,992,988 km (0.12 R)
• M40: 10,243,116 km (0.077 R)
• M41: 10,596,765 km (0.09 R)
• M42: 11,134,719 km (0.087 R)
• M43: 11,264,121 km (0.114 R)
• M44: 12,077,784 km (0.109 R)
• M45: 12,612,746 km (0.063 R)
• M46: 13,292,519 km (0.104 R)
• M47: 13,457,376 km (0.104 R)
• M48: 14,404,779 km (0.118 R)
• M49: 14,574,273 km (0.074 R)
• M50: 14,687,519 km (0.057 R)
• M51: 15,000,777 km (0.114 R)
• M52: 15,258,534 km (0.109 R)
• M53: 16,128,894 km (0.1 R)
• M54: 16,925,802 km (0.099 R)
• M55: 17,705,506 km (0.063 R)
• M56: 17,887,118 km (0.101 R)
• M57: 17,978,223 km (0.104 R)
• M58: 18,221,619 km (0.029 R)
• M59: 18,313,323 km (0.082 R)
• M60: 18,435,694 km (0.094 R)
• M61: 18,866,087 km (0.109 R)
• M62: 19,020,621 km (0.11 R)
• M63: 19,113,522 km (0.052 R)
• M64: 19,237,688 km (0.101 R)
• M65: 19,549,300 km (0.088 R)
• M66: 19,768,311 km (0.06 R)
• M67: 20,051,201 km (0.058 R)
• M68: 20,272,157 km (0.086 R)
• M69: 20,684,598 km (0.105 R)

Planet 8 - Gas Giant

Semi-Major Axis: 3.47 AU

Status: Outer (Cold)

Composition: Hydrogen/Helium Atmosphere

Physical Data

Mass: 575

Radius: 9.2

Gravity: 6.79 G

Time & Orbit

Eccentricity (e): 0.048

Orbit Range: 3.3 AU - 3.64 AU

Year: 4310 Days

Day: 11.2 Hours

Environment

Temp: -220 °C

Axial Tilt: 38.6 °

Atmosphere: H₂, CH₄

Biome: None

Satellites (81)

Outer Limit: 25,801,311 km

• M1: 148,251 km (0.099 R)
• M2: 351,555 km (0.088 R)
• M3: 436,676 km (0.072 R)
• M4: 642,074 km (0.052 R)
• M5: 706,551 km (0.093 R)
• M6: 926,759 km (0.086 R)
• M7: 1,000,959 km (0.054 R)
• M8: 1,431,203 km (0.088 R)
• M9: 1,532,630 km (0.096 R)
• M10: 1,697,038 km (0.069 R)
• M11: 2,175,003 km (0.073 R)
• M12: 2,463,877 km (0.09 R)
• M13: 2,639,505 km (0.085 R)
• M14: 2,910,875 km (0.087 R)
• M15: 3,363,858 km (0.085 R)
• M16: 3,940,707 km (0.092 R)
• M17: 4,873,599 km (0.112 R)
• M18: 5,387,618 km (0.089 R)
• M19: 5,709,104 km (0.097 R)
• M20: 5,895,502 km (0.115 R)
• M21: 6,013,086 km (0.062 R)
• M22: 6,155,204 km (0.113 R)
• M23: 6,226,712 km (0.054 R)
• M24: 6,491,351 km (0.049 R)
• M25: 7,156,164 km (0.111 R)
• M26: 7,332,091 km (0.071 R)
• M27: 7,611,540 km (0.106 R)
• M28: 7,765,326 km (0.099 R)
• M29: 8,550,117 km (0.065 R)
• M30: 8,710,186 km (0.057 R)
• M31: 8,925,009 km (0.114 R)
• M32: 9,277,910 km (0.106 R)
• M33: 9,525,046 km (0.104 R)
• M34: 10,053,725 km (0.03 R)
• M35: 10,364,140 km (0.081 R)
• M36: 10,994,396 km (0.066 R)
• M37: 11,110,335 km (0.112 R)
• M38: 11,168,528 km (0.102 R)
• M39: 11,285,065 km (0.097 R)
• M40: 11,578,277 km (0.06 R)
• M41: 11,903,652 km (0.104 R)
• M42: 12,412,584 km (0.11 R)
• M43: 13,327,824 km (0.099 R)
• M44: 13,451,541 km (0.095 R)
• M45: 13,606,674 km (0.067 R)
• M46: 13,856,054 km (0.109 R)
• M47: 13,981,417 km (0.12 R)
• M48: 14,233,190 km (0.086 R)
• M49: 14,518,174 km (0.055 R)
• M50: 15,125,990 km (0.086 R)
• M51: 15,190,467 km (0.103 R)
• M52: 15,319,720 km (0.113 R)
• M53: 16,201,599 km (0.05 R)
• M54: 16,532,360 km (0.088 R)
• M55: 16,999,105 km (0.103 R)
• M56: 17,267,933 km (0.086 R)
• M57: 17,707,601 km (0.111 R)
• M58: 17,775,518 km (0.074 R)
• M59: 18,425,521 km (0.088 R)
• M60: 18,666,972 km (0.089 R)
• M61: 18,736,236 km (0.038 R)
• M62: 18,944,326 km (0.065 R)
• M63: 19,013,889 km (0.09 R)
• M64: 19,083,452 km (0.08 R)
• M65: 19,188,021 km (0.083 R)
• M66: 19,257,883 km (0.096 R)
• M67: 19,925,389 km (0.094 R)
• M68: 20,031,454 km (0.104 R)
• M69: 20,279,787 km (0.119 R)
• M70: 20,457,808 km (0.083 R)
• M71: 20,707,786 km (0.086 R)
• M72: 20,887,004 km (0.108 R)
• M73: 22,192,695 km (0.116 R)
• M74: 22,633,709 km (0.057 R)
• M75: 23,114,816 km (0.089 R)
• M76: 23,449,915 km (0.079 R)
• M77: 23,636,613 km (0.077 R)
• M78: 24,049,503 km (0.061 R)
• M79: 25,302,086 km (0.075 R)
• M80: 25,455,274 km (0.037 R)
• M81: 25,532,018 km (0.085 R)

Kuiper Belt

Range: 30 - 47 AU

Composition

Type: Dwarf Planets/TNOs (Ices)

Reservoir of dwarf planets and volatile ices.

Outer System

Oort Cloud

Range: 390 - 15,249 AU

Composition

Type: Cometary Reservoir

System's final boundary, containing trillions of icy planetesimals.

Gravitational Limit