🌌 Stone's Star System Generator

Planet 1 - Gas Giant

Semi-Major Axis: 0.68 AU

Status: Outer (Cold)

Composition: Hydrogen/Helium Atmosphere

Physical Data

Mass: 112.7

Radius: 12.9

Gravity: 0.68 G

Time & Orbit

Eccentricity (e): 0.076

Orbit Range: 0.63 AU - 0.73 AU

Year: 362 Days

Day: 6.4 Hours

Environment

Temp: -139 °C

Axial Tilt: 31.1 °

Atmosphere: H₂, CH₄

Biome: None

Satellites (21)

Outer Limit: 61,306,404 km

• M1: 174,581 km (0.058 R)
• M2: 276,008 km (0.116 R)
• M3: 372,947 km (0.115 R)
• M4: 481,556 km (0.066 R)
• M5: 562,488 km (0.099 R)
• M6: 667,954 km (0.096 R)
• M7: 751,580 km (0.084 R)
• M8: 857,345 km (0.115 R)
• M9: 1,012,778 km (0.082 R)
• M10: 1,306,887 km (0.098 R)
• M11: 1,447,060 km (0.056 R)
• M12: 1,559,857 km (0.075 R)
• M13: 1,648,868 km (0.059 R)
• M14: 1,729,501 km (0.066 R)
• M15: 1,937,442 km (0.118 R)
• M16: 2,135,360 km (0.113 R)
• M17: 2,227,512 km (0.071 R)
• M18: 2,404,786 km (0.079 R)
• M19: 2,504,867 km (0.047 R)
• M20: 2,586,697 km (0.058 R)
• M21: 2,685,431 km (0.115 R)

Planet 2 - Gas Giant

Semi-Major Axis: 0.83 AU

Status: Outer (Cold)

Composition: Hydrogen/Helium Atmosphere

Physical Data

Mass: 76.2

Radius: 14.8

Gravity: 0.35 G

Time & Orbit

Eccentricity (e): 0.169

Orbit Range: 0.69 AU - 0.97 AU

Year: 488 Days

Day: 10.6 Hours

Environment

Temp: -146 °C

Axial Tilt: 45.4 °

Atmosphere: H₂, CH₄

Biome: None

Satellites (20)

Outer Limit: 61,306,404 km

• M1: 209,886 km (0.115 R)
• M2: 359,035 km (0.09 R)
• M3: 458,667 km (0.078 R)
• M4: 608,415 km (0.075 R)
• M5: 856,897 km (0.116 R)
• M6: 963,709 km (0.115 R)
• M7: 1,081,443 km (0.092 R)
• M8: 1,263,504 km (0.108 R)
• M9: 1,397,394 km (0.103 R)
• M10: 1,502,860 km (0.1 R)
• M11: 1,779,018 km (0.097 R)
• M12: 1,953,000 km (0.112 R)
• M13: 2,170,964 km (0.101 R)
• M14: 2,345,844 km (0.097 R)
• M15: 2,517,433 km (0.107 R)
• M16: 2,643,843 km (0.084 R)
• M17: 2,747,365 km (0.036 R)
• M18: 2,848,194 km (0.091 R)
• M19: 2,954,408 km (0.115 R)
• M20: 3,066,457 km (0.097 R)

Planet 3 - Gas Giant

Semi-Major Axis: 1.21 AU

Status: Outer (Cold)

Composition: Hydrogen/Helium Atmosphere

Physical Data

Mass: 136.5

Radius: 14

Gravity: 0.7 G

Time & Orbit

Eccentricity (e): 0.072

Orbit Range: 1.12 AU - 1.3 AU

Year: 859 Days

Day: 13.2 Hours

Environment

Temp: -175 °C

Axial Tilt: 13 °

Atmosphere: H₂, CH₄

Biome: None

Satellites (34)

Outer Limit: 61,306,404 km

• M1: 175,030 km (0.065 R)
• M2: 297,999 km (0.052 R)
• M3: 483,800 km (0.075 R)
• M4: 594,053 km (0.074 R)
• M5: 726,148 km (0.072 R)
• M6: 857,794 km (0.119 R)
• M7: 1,098,348 km (0.117 R)
• M8: 1,211,294 km (0.1 R)
• M9: 1,304,643 km (0.102 R)
• M10: 1,499,419 km (0.07 R)
• M11: 1,756,877 km (0.112 R)
• M12: 1,923,829 km (0.104 R)
• M13: 2,119,203 km (0.103 R)
• M14: 2,239,480 km (0.115 R)
• M15: 2,368,284 km (0.077 R)
• M16: 2,505,615 km (0.084 R)
• M17: 2,596,570 km (0.119 R)
• M18: 2,725,972 km (0.118 R)
• M19: 2,857,469 km (0.117 R)
• M20: 2,965,628 km (0.098 R)
• M21: 3,062,268 km (0.118 R)
• M22: 3,219,047 km (0.092 R)
• M23: 3,311,798 km (0.086 R)
• M24: 3,452,569 km (0.054 R)
• M25: 3,540,832 km (0.081 R)
• M26: 3,643,606 km (0.111 R)
• M27: 3,782,133 km (0.104 R)
• M28: 3,873,238 km (0.092 R)
• M29: 3,993,366 km (0.089 R)
• M30: 4,244,840 km (0.057 R)
• M31: 4,486,739 km (0.105 R)
• M32: 4,808,973 km (0.069 R)
• M33: 5,092,312 km (0.089 R)
• M34: 5,239,965 km (0.066 R)

Planet 4 - Gas Giant

Semi-Major Axis: 1.71 AU

Status: Outer (Cold)

Composition: Hydrogen/Helium Atmosphere

Physical Data

Mass: 265

Radius: 9.9

Gravity: 2.7 G

Time & Orbit

Eccentricity (e): 0.102

Orbit Range: 1.54 AU - 1.88 AU

Year: 1444 Days

Day: 7.4 Hours

Environment

Temp: -178 °C

Axial Tilt: 37.9 °

Atmosphere: H₂, CH₄

Biome: None

Satellites (55)

Outer Limit: 61,306,404 km

• M1: 140,622 km (0.119 R)
• M2: 204,799 km (0.078 R)
• M3: 295,157 km (0.087 R)
• M4: 370,853 km (0.091 R)
• M5: 502,948 km (0.072 R)
• M6: 620,233 km (0.116 R)
• M7: 741,856 km (0.089 R)
• M8: 847,771 km (0.112 R)
• M9: 1,016,817 km (0.086 R)
• M10: 1,295,069 km (0.03 R)
• M11: 1,461,870 km (0.054 R)
• M12: 1,705,715 km (0.089 R)
• M13: 1,784,852 km (0.097 R)
• M14: 1,946,567 km (0.078 R)
• M15: 2,046,050 km (0.117 R)
• M16: 2,207,017 km (0.104 R)
• M17: 2,328,341 km (0.106 R)
• M18: 2,614,223 km (0.06 R)
• M19: 2,687,526 km (0.098 R)
• M20: 2,798,827 km (0.071 R)
• M21: 3,006,768 km (0.077 R)
• M22: 3,170,876 km (0.119 R)
• M23: 3,239,392 km (0.09 R)
• M24: 3,328,253 km (0.048 R)
• M25: 3,518,392 km (0.117 R)
• M26: 3,619,969 km (0.093 R)
• M27: 3,836,437 km (0.115 R)
• M28: 3,898,969 km (0.079 R)
• M29: 4,131,744 km (0.053 R)
• M30: 4,260,547 km (0.067 R)
• M31: 4,522,194 km (0.112 R)
• M32: 4,666,257 km (0.116 R)
• M33: 4,744,347 km (0.026 R)
• M34: 4,823,035 km (0.062 R)
• M35: 5,164,866 km (0.115 R)
• M36: 5,432,347 km (0.035 R)
• M37: 5,526,445 km (0.075 R)
• M38: 5,740,220 km (0.094 R)
• M39: 6,005,158 km (0.053 R)
• M40: 6,078,161 km (0.118 R)
• M41: 6,163,582 km (0.098 R)
• M42: 6,522,168 km (0.11 R)
• M43: 6,685,080 km (0.073 R)
• M44: 6,963,930 km (0.092 R)
• M45: 7,040,674 km (0.053 R)
• M46: 7,233,805 km (0.089 R)
• M47: 7,717,455 km (0.072 R)
• M48: 7,796,891 km (0.084 R)
• M49: 7,916,420 km (0.092 R)
• M50: 8,076,939 km (0.094 R)
• M51: 8,523,937 km (0.045 R)
• M52: 8,784,985 km (0.114 R)
• M53: 8,854,100 km (0.103 R)
• M54: 8,965,101 km (0.1 R)
• M55: 9,385,471 km (0.093 R)

Planet 5 - Gas Giant

Semi-Major Axis: 1.77 AU

Status: Outer (Cold)

Composition: Hydrogen/Helium Atmosphere

Physical Data

Mass: 868.8

Radius: 12.8

Gravity: 5.3 G

Time & Orbit

Eccentricity (e): 0.145

Orbit Range: 1.51 AU - 2.03 AU

Year: 1520 Days

Day: 10.8 Hours

Environment

Temp: -187 °C

Axial Tilt: 22.6 °

Atmosphere: H₂, CH₄

Biome: None

Satellites (66)

Outer Limit: 61,306,404 km

• M1: 188,793 km (0.111 R)
• M2: 379,530 km (0.102 R)
• M3: 515,215 km (0.081 R)
• M4: 628,461 km (0.098 R)
• M5: 744,399 km (0.052 R)
• M6: 836,701 km (0.094 R)
• M7: 916,885 km (0.098 R)
• M8: 1,121,386 km (0.042 R)
• M9: 1,257,221 km (0.052 R)
• M10: 1,437,636 km (0.05 R)
• M11: 1,647,372 km (0.086 R)
• M12: 1,910,664 km (0.071 R)
• M13: 2,256,235 km (0.116 R)
• M14: 2,360,505 km (0.116 R)
• M15: 2,478,089 km (0.096 R)
• M16: 2,855,674 km (0.116 R)
• M17: 3,045,214 km (0.101 R)
• M18: 3,199,749 km (0.09 R)
• M19: 3,665,597 km (0.074 R)
• M20: 3,941,754 km (0.103 R)
• M21: 4,025,828 km (0.111 R)
• M22: 4,124,862 km (0.102 R)
• M23: 4,224,644 km (0.054 R)
• M24: 4,397,579 km (0.111 R)
• M25: 4,602,378 km (0.084 R)
• M26: 4,750,630 km (0.102 R)
• M27: 5,006,442 km (0.109 R)
• M28: 5,113,106 km (0.051 R)
• M29: 5,800,807 km (0.082 R)
• M30: 5,880,842 km (0.086 R)
• M31: 6,025,802 km (0.105 R)
• M32: 6,204,721 km (0.056 R)
• M33: 6,303,007 km (0.105 R)
• M34: 7,073,885 km (0.117 R)
• M35: 7,297,235 km (0.111 R)
• M36: 7,610,343 km (0.067 R)
• M37: 7,698,007 km (0.103 R)
• M38: 7,856,880 km (0.12 R)
• M39: 8,070,356 km (0.102 R)
• M40: 8,213,821 km (0.079 R)
• M41: 8,394,236 km (0.087 R)
• M42: 8,503,143 km (0.106 R)
• M43: 8,630,900 km (0.08 R)
• M44: 8,795,906 km (0.099 R)
• M45: 9,391,455 km (0.073 R)
• M46: 9,542,399 km (0.065 R)
• M47: 9,656,094 km (0.09 R)
• M48: 10,057,764 km (0.11 R)
• M49: 10,212,149 km (0.073 R)
• M50: 10,445,372 km (0.116 R)
• M51: 10,877,560 km (0.031 R)
• M52: 11,155,513 km (0.086 R)
• M53: 11,315,433 km (0.083 R)
• M54: 11,415,814 km (0.093 R)
• M55: 11,556,884 km (0.086 R)
• M56: 11,983,388 km (0.117 R)
• M57: 12,106,208 km (0.076 R)
• M58: 12,851,803 km (0.052 R)
• M59: 13,019,652 km (0.07 R)
• M60: 13,209,193 km (0.117 R)
• M61: 13,293,716 km (0.088 R)
• M62: 13,847,826 km (0.057 R)
• M63: 13,976,630 km (0.097 R)
• M64: 14,084,490 km (0.103 R)
• M65: 14,257,425 km (0.089 R)
• M66: 14,344,192 km (0.041 R)

Planet 6 - Gas Giant

Semi-Major Axis: 1.8 AU

Status: Outer (Cold)

Composition: Hydrogen/Helium Atmosphere

Physical Data

Mass: 40.6

Radius: 11.8

Gravity: 0.29 G

Time & Orbit

Eccentricity (e): 0.031

Orbit Range: 1.74 AU - 1.86 AU

Year: 1559 Days

Day: 10.2 Hours

Environment

Temp: -190 °C

Axial Tilt: 29.5 °

Atmosphere: H₂, CH₄

Biome: None

Satellites (36)

Outer Limit: 61,306,404 km

• M1: 146,905 km (0.113 R)
• M2: 236,065 km (0.111 R)
• M3: 325,974 km (0.099 R)
• M4: 437,574 km (0.098 R)
• M5: 572,661 km (0.085 R)
• M6: 671,844 km (0.093 R)
• M7: 1,064,688 km (0.059 R)
• M8: 1,158,935 km (0.064 R)
• M9: 1,246,749 km (0.093 R)
• M10: 1,370,915 km (0.064 R)
• M11: 1,534,575 km (0.069 R)
• M12: 1,657,993 km (0.079 R)
• M13: 1,854,864 km (0.08 R)
• M14: 1,936,844 km (0.109 R)
• M15: 2,031,389 km (0.054 R)
• M16: 2,133,266 km (0.096 R)
• M17: 2,254,440 km (0.081 R)
• M18: 2,342,254 km (0.058 R)
• M19: 2,455,350 km (0.105 R)
• M20: 2,687,227 km (0.112 R)
• M21: 3,067,804 km (0.11 R)
• M22: 3,251,510 km (0.098 R)
• M23: 3,331,395 km (0.084 R)
• M24: 3,492,961 km (0.106 R)
• M25: 3,568,059 km (0.063 R)
• M26: 3,643,606 km (0.058 R)
• M27: 3,740,545 km (0.067 R)
• M28: 3,901,662 km (0.111 R)
• M29: 4,108,107 km (0.058 R)
• M30: 4,267,279 km (0.049 R)
• M31: 4,554,507 km (0.119 R)
• M32: 4,689,145 km (0.052 R)
• M33: 4,802,391 km (0.117 R)
• M34: 4,909,054 km (0.069 R)
• M35: 5,202,266 km (0.046 R)
• M36: 5,398,389 km (0.102 R)

Asteroid Belt

Center: 3.52 AU

Composition

Type: Outer System (Icy)

A dense region of planetesimals and debris.

Boundary

Planet 7 - Gas Giant

Semi-Major Axis: 5.23 AU

Status: Outer (Cold)

Composition: Hydrogen/Helium Atmosphere

Physical Data

Mass: 627.2

Radius: 14.4

Gravity: 3.02 G

Time & Orbit

Eccentricity (e): 0.2

Orbit Range: 4.18 AU - 6.28 AU

Year: 7723 Days

Day: 8.5 Hours

Environment

Temp: -222 °C

Axial Tilt: 19.3 °

Atmosphere: H₂, CH₄

Biome: None

Satellites (81)

Outer Limit: 61,306,404 km

• M1: 185,501 km (0.052 R)
• M2: 445,502 km (0.116 R)
• M3: 654,939 km (0.093 R)
• M4: 766,689 km (0.08 R)
• M5: 980,165 km (0.071 R)
• M6: 1,111,662 km (0.06 R)
• M7: 1,267,393 km (0.111 R)
• M8: 1,506,002 km (0.106 R)
• M9: 1,739,823 km (0.09 R)
• M10: 1,965,118 km (0.073 R)
• M11: 2,113,519 km (0.095 R)
• M12: 2,265,959 km (0.116 R)
• M13: 2,582,059 km (0.119 R)
• M14: 2,698,446 km (0.108 R)
• M15: 3,282,327 km (0.096 R)
• M16: 3,409,036 km (0.117 R)
• M17: 3,719,751 km (0.107 R)
• M18: 4,148,648 km (0.087 R)
• M19: 5,589,874 km (0.101 R)
• M20: 5,834,018 km (0.032 R)
• M21: 5,926,469 km (0.112 R)
• M22: 7,074,035 km (0.103 R)
• M23: 7,338,224 km (0.054 R)
• M24: 8,082,025 km (0.084 R)
• M25: 8,567,919 km (0.082 R)
• M26: 8,779,151 km (0.092 R)
• M27: 9,206,702 km (0.114 R)
• M28: 9,897,694 km (0.097 R)
• M29: 10,008,397 km (0.044 R)
• M30: 10,718,687 km (0.099 R)
• M31: 11,291,049 km (0.063 R)
• M32: 11,522,926 km (0.036 R)
• M33: 11,678,208 km (0.042 R)
• M34: 12,188,187 km (0.113 R)
• M35: 12,386,105 km (0.089 R)
• M36: 12,625,312 km (0.116 R)
• M37: 13,351,760 km (0.1 R)
• M38: 14,008,943 km (0.116 R)
• M39: 14,174,847 km (0.102 R)
• M40: 14,299,761 km (0.092 R)
• M41: 14,508,749 km (0.093 R)
• M42: 15,483,230 km (0.053 R)
• M43: 16,829,910 km (0.117 R)
• M44: 16,962,155 km (0.12 R)
• M45: 17,808,280 km (0.041 R)
• M46: 18,622,541 km (0.099 R)
• M47: 19,126,237 km (0.118 R)
• M48: 19,218,240 km (0.11 R)
• M49: 19,866,747 km (0.116 R)
• M50: 20,146,944 km (0.077 R)
• M51: 20,522,434 km (0.099 R)
• M52: 20,663,954 km (0.105 R)
• M53: 21,471,483 km (0.102 R)
• M54: 21,615,097 km (0.11 R)
• M55: 21,710,989 km (0.106 R)
• M56: 22,386,424 km (0.058 R)
• M57: 22,629,221 km (0.114 R)
• M58: 23,264,862 km (0.053 R)
• M59: 24,804,225 km (0.114 R)
• M60: 25,055,549 km (0.083 R)
• M61: 25,459,463 km (0.051 R)
• M62: 25,560,741 km (0.119 R)
• M63: 26,478,823 km (0.068 R)
• M64: 26,581,447 km (0.087 R)
• M65: 28,294,492 km (0.076 R)
• M66: 28,399,510 km (0.114 R)
• M67: 28,767,970 km (0.069 R)
• M68: 29,032,010 km (0.068 R)
• M69: 30,043,142 km (0.067 R)
• M70: 30,203,810 km (0.111 R)
• M71: 30,795,619 km (0.118 R)
• M72: 31,228,256 km (0.082 R)
• M73: 32,648,538 km (0.099 R)
• M74: 32,813,844 km (0.111 R)
• M75: 33,255,906 km (0.07 R)
• M76: 33,366,608 km (0.063 R)
• M77: 34,369,512 km (0.066 R)
• M78: 34,593,610 km (0.112 R)
• M79: 35,495,386 km (0.066 R)
• M80: 35,835,422 km (0.071 R)
• M81: 38,828,277 km (0.1 R)

Planet 8 - Ice Giant

Semi-Major Axis: 8.27 AU

Status: Outer (Cold)

Composition: Methane/Ammonia Ices

Physical Data

Mass: 607.8

Radius: 4.1

Gravity: 36.16 G

Time & Orbit

Eccentricity (e): 0.219

Orbit Range: 6.46 AU - 10.08 AU

Year: 15356 Days

Day: 18.9 Hours

Environment

Temp: -234 °C

Axial Tilt: 28.1 °

Atmosphere: H₂, CH₄

Biome: None

Satellites (97)

Outer Limit: 61,306,404 km

• M1: 163,510 km (0.091 R)
• M2: 353,500 km (0.102 R)
• M3: 504,743 km (0.101 R)
• M4: 841,039 km (0.057 R)
• M5: 884,572 km (0.095 R)
• M6: 1,137,243 km (0.115 R)
• M7: 1,359,845 km (0.111 R)
• M8: 1,542,354 km (0.112 R)
• M9: 2,285,706 km (0.066 R)
• M10: 2,725,673 km (0.1 R)
• M11: 3,294,145 km (0.057 R)
• M12: 3,503,433 km (0.1 R)
• M13: 3,538,738 km (0.08 R)
• M14: 4,193,976 km (0.077 R)
• M15: 4,728,938 km (0.113 R)
• M16: 4,964,705 km (0.075 R)
• M17: 5,164,268 km (0.114 R)
• M18: 6,072,626 km (0.086 R)
• M19: 6,545,056 km (0.069 R)
• M20: 6,763,769 km (0.082 R)
• M21: 7,029,305 km (0.107 R)
• M22: 7,208,224 km (0.12 R)
• M23: 9,518,464 km (0.074 R)
• M24: 10,932,164 km (0.096 R)
• M25: 11,243,477 km (0.071 R)
• M26: 11,821,972 km (0.102 R)
• M27: 12,680,364 km (0.083 R)
• M28: 12,952,782 km (0.102 R)
• M29: 13,007,535 km (0.109 R)
• M30: 13,172,093 km (0.102 R)
• M31: 13,503,302 km (0.037 R)
• M32: 13,893,154 km (0.09 R)
• M33: 14,173,949 km (0.088 R)
• M34: 15,373,575 km (0.098 R)
• M35: 15,897,467 km (0.063 R)
• M36: 16,309,010 km (0.073 R)
• M37: 16,427,342 km (0.051 R)
• M38: 16,903,063 km (0.107 R)
• M39: 17,746,646 km (0.069 R)
• M40: 17,929,155 km (0.107 R)
• M41: 18,665,476 km (0.119 R)
• M42: 19,224,224 km (0.087 R)
• M43: 19,349,138 km (0.028 R)
• M44: 19,474,352 km (0.1 R)
• M45: 19,537,033 km (0.098 R)
• M46: 19,788,507 km (0.098 R)
• M47: 19,977,748 km (0.085 R)
• M48: 20,421,755 km (0.096 R)
• M49: 20,612,941 km (0.075 R)
• M50: 20,804,875 km (0.096 R)
• M51: 22,099,046 km (0.104 R)
• M52: 22,821,903 km (0.111 R)
• M53: 22,954,148 km (0.112 R)
• M54: 23,419,098 km (0.112 R)
• M55: 23,887,040 km (0.054 R)
• M56: 24,223,336 km (0.089 R)
• M57: 24,628,746 km (0.116 R)
• M58: 25,309,566 km (0.119 R)
• M59: 26,620,044 km (0.051 R)
• M60: 27,388,827 km (0.103 R)
• M61: 28,662,354 km (0.108 R)
• M62: 29,378,329 km (0.098 R)
• M63: 30,608,622 km (0.066 R)
• M64: 32,448,526 km (0.059 R)
• M65: 32,746,076 km (0.119 R)
• M66: 32,970,024 km (0.106 R)
• M67: 33,044,674 km (0.08 R)
• M68: 33,795,057 km (0.054 R)
• M69: 34,931,252 km (0.074 R)
• M70: 35,007,398 km (0.027 R)
• M71: 38,335,202 km (0.101 R)
• M72: 39,202,720 km (0.05 R)
• M73: 40,956,755 km (0.109 R)
• M74: 43,799,713 km (0.097 R)
• M75: 43,881,843 km (0.059 R)
• M76: 44,954,459 km (0.06 R)
• M77: 45,369,444 km (0.064 R)
• M78: 46,119,378 km (0.091 R)
• M79: 47,631,513 km (0.057 R)
• M80: 48,989,264 km (0.075 R)
• M81: 49,074,684 km (0.12 R)
• M82: 50,187,842 km (0.118 R)
• M83: 50,445,898 km (0.051 R)
• M84: 51,482,462 km (0.081 R)
• M85: 51,742,762 km (0.113 R)
• M86: 52,351,775 km (0.112 R)
• M87: 52,700,787 km (0.083 R)
• M88: 52,963,181 km (0.091 R)
• M89: 53,664,795 km (0.098 R)
• M90: 53,752,609 km (0.096 R)
• M91: 54,016,650 km (0.085 R)
• M92: 56,680,688 km (0.067 R)
• M93: 59,842,140 km (0.09 R)
• M94: 60,755,884 km (0.113 R)
• M95: 61,030,995 km (0.12 R)
• M96: 61,214,551 km (0.101 R)
• M97: 61,306,404 km (0.029 R)

Kuiper Belt

Range: 30 - 57 AU

Composition

Type: Dwarf Planets/TNOs (Ices)

Reservoir of dwarf planets and volatile ices.

Outer System

Oort Cloud

Range: 220 - 20,107 AU

Composition

Type: Cometary Reservoir

System's final boundary, containing trillions of icy planetesimals.

Gravitational Limit